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Edward Whitaker Gray (21 March 1748 – 27 December 1806), English botanist and secretary to the Royal Society, was uncle of Samuel Frederick Gray, author of ''The Practical Chemist.''〔''Journal of botany: British and Foreign'', ed. Britten, vol. xxvii., p. 46, (London 1889).〕 == Educational and professional roles == While attending the College of Physicians he performed the duties of librarian. He became a licentiate in 1773. He graduated M.D., and ultimately was assigned as keeper of the departments of Natural history and antiquities in the British Museum, which consisted of the collection purchased from Sir Hans Sloane on his passing in 1753.〔''The Athenæum'', Vol. 2, p. 343, comp. John Francis (London 1888).〕 This role he held from 1778 until his death. During his tenure, he reorganized the natural history collections employing the Linnæan system.〔''Statutes and rules for the British museum'', pp. 46–6, (London 1839).〕〔''Royal Gardens, Kew. Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information'', p. 76, (London, 1894).〕 George Shaw assumed his duties as keeper in 1807 having assisted since 1791.〔''Arts and sciences: or, Fourth division of "The English encyclopedia"'', Volume 2, p. 377 ed. Charles Knight (London 1866).〕 Within zoology, his ''Catalogue of Shells'' for the British Museum (1791) best reflect his work as a malacologist.〔Catalogue of the books, manuscripts, maps and drawings in the British Museum (London 1904).〕 He introduced two plants, ''Hexandria monogynia'', native to Brazil, and ''Hexandria monogynia'', native to Portugal, shipped from Oporto, and catalogued (1777) in the Royal Botanical gardens at Kew.〔''Hortus Kewensis'', by William Aiton, vol. i., pp. 417, 445, (London 1789).〕 He was one of the original associates of the Linnean Society in 1788. In 1785 and 1786 he delivered Croonian Lectures on topics related to muscle response, and in 1789 he contributed ''Observations on the … Amphibia'' to the ''Philosophical Transactions'' of the Royal Society, of which he was a fellow (elected Feb. 1779), and of which on St. Andrew's day in 1797 he became the junior secretary. His 1807 successor to this secretarial post was Sir Humphry Davy, future mentor to Michael Faraday. He died at the British Museum, 27 Dec. 1806, in his fifty-ninth year of age. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Edward Whitaker Gray」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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